Error while validating Oozie workflow?

[#1]

I am getting the error while validating a workflow.

Error: E0701: XML schema error, /d/app/workflow.xml, org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 49; columnNumber: 11; cvc-complex-type.2.3: Element 'shell' cannot have character [children], because the type's content type is element-only.

Here is the workflow.xml

<workflow-app name="FILLED_WF" xmlns="uri:oozie:workflow:0.4">
<start to="read_cutoff"/>
<action name="read_cutoff">
<shell xmlns="uri:oozie:shell-action:0.1">
<job-tracker>${jobTracker}</job-tracker>
<name-node>${nameNode}</name-node>
<exec>${cutoff_script}</exec>
<argument>${trigger_location}/${trigger_file}</argument>
<env-var>HADOOP_USER_NAME=${wf:user()}</env-var>
<file>${path}/${cutoff_script}#${cutoff_script}</file>
<capture-output/>
</shell>
<ok to="remove_trigger_flag_file_processing"/>
<error to="sendFailureEmail"/>
</action>
<action name="remove_trigger_flag_file_processing">
<fs>
<name-node>${nameNode}</name-node>
<delete path='${trigger_location}/${trigger_file}'/>
</fs>
<ok to="cutoff_values_table" />
<error to="sendFailureEmail" />
</action>
<action name="cutoff_values_table">
<shell xmlns="uri:oozie:shell-action:0.1">
<job-tracker>${jobTracker}</job-tracker>
<name-node>${nameNode}</name-node>
<exec>${scriptName}</exec>
<argument>-t</argument>z
<argument>${hive_table}</argument>
<argument>-v</argument>
<argument>${prime_version}</argument>
<argument>-n</argument>
<argument>${hive_namespace}</argument>
<argument>-r</argument>
<argument>${report_flag}</argument>
<argument>-m</argument>
<argument>${memory}</argument>
<argument>-c</argument>
<argument>${wf:actionData('read_cutoff')['cutoff']}</argument>
<argument>-S</argument>
<argument>${deploymentPath}/data-warehouse</argument>
<argument>-f</argument>
<argument>FALSE</argument>
<argument>-l</argument>
<argument>${full_cutoff_list}</argument>
<env-var>HADOOP_USER_NAME=${wf:user()}</env-var>
<file>${scriptPath}/generateCutoffValues.sh#${scriptName}</file>
</shell>
<ok to="generateReports" />
<error to="sendFailureEmail" />
</action>
<fork name="generateReports">
        <path start="generateCutoffReports"/>
        <path start="generateCutoffCountryReports"/>      
    </fork>
<action name="generateCutoffReports">
<shell xmlns="uri:oozie:shell-action:0.1">
<job-tracker>${jobTracker}</job-tracker>
<name-node>${nameNode}</name-node>
<exec>${cutoffScript}</exec>
<argument>${hive_namespace}</argument>
<argument>TRUE</argument>
<argument>${wf:actionData('read_cutoff')['cutoff']}</argument>
<argument>${prime_version}</argument>
<argument>${hive_table}</argument>
<argument>${deploymentPath}/data-warehouse</argument>
<env-var>HADOOP_USER_NAME=${wf:user()}</env-var>
<file>${scriptPath}/${cutoffScript}#${cutoffScript}</file>
</shell>
<ok to="joining" />
<error to="sendFailureEmail" />
</action>
<action name="generateCutoffCountryReports">
<shell xmlns="uri:oozie:shell-action:0.1">
<job-tracker>${jobTracker}</job-tracker>
<name-node>${nameNode}</name-node>
<exec>${cutoffCountryScript}</exec>
<argument>${hive_namespace}</argument>
<argument>TRUE</argument>
<argument>${wf:actionData('read_cutoff')['cutoff']}</argument>
<argument>${prime_version}</argument>
<argument>${hive_table}</argument>
<argument>${deploymentPath}/data-warehouse</argument>
<env-var>HADOOP_USER_NAME=${wf:user()}</env-var>
<file>${scriptPath}/${cutoffCountryScript}#${cutoffCountryScript}</file>
</shell>
<ok to="joining" />
<error to="sendFailureEmail" />
</action>
<join name="joining" to="sendSuccessEmail"/>
    <action name="sendSuccessEmail">
        <email xmlns="uri:oozie:email-action:0.1">
            <to>${failureEmailToAddress}</to>
            <subject>Successfully created Filled reports :${wf:actionData('filled_elements_cutoff_report')['${wf:actionData('read_cutoff')['cutoff']}']}</subject>
            <body>
               Filled Element Cutoff reports created at /data/93-reporting/aspect.
            </body>
        </email>
        <ok to="end"/>
        <error to="fail"/>
    </action>
    <action name="sendFailureEmail">
        <email xmlns="uri:oozie:email-action:0.1">
            <to>${failureEmailToAddress}</to>
            <subject>Unable to Run reports :${wf:actionData('filled_report')['cutoff_value']}</subject>
            <body>
                The workflow ${wf:name()} with id ${wf:id()} failed [${wf:errorMessage(wf:lastErrorNode())}].
            </body>
        </email>
        <ok to="fail"/>
        <error to="fail"/>
    </action>
<kill name="fail">
<message>Script failed, error
message[${wf:errorMessage(wf:lastErrorNode())}]</message>
</kill>
<end name='end' />
</workflow-app>

Any help is much appreciated.

[#2 · Accepted solution]

The error is in your first shell action "cutoff_values_table". You've got the letter "z" at the end of the line.

<argument>-t</argument>z

Remove it and the XML validates.

As an aside, if you want, you can make your workflow a bit smaller by reducing the number of <argument> tags. The contents of <argument> tags are space-delimited in the order that they are declared, so you could turn

<argument>-c</argument>
<argument>${value}</argument>

into

<argument>-c ${value}</argument>

for example.