I have read the descriptions of both these two Nifi processors and I am unable to understand the difference. The description seems to be almost same for both. It will be nice if Nifi docs description provided some note on the difference.
Main difference seems to be:
QueryDatabaseTable: Query result will be converted to Avro format.
QueryDatabaseTableRecord: Query result will be converted to the format specified by the record writer. So there is a separate Record Writer field in the properties.