You can do something like this:
hdfs dfs -put *filename*[0-9].txt /tmp
For example:
$ touch ${RANDOM}filename-$(date +"%F").txt ${RANDOM}filename.txt
$ ls *filename*.txt
17558filename-2016-01-05.txt 27880filename.txt
$ hdfs dfs -put *filename*[0-9].txt /tmp
$ hdfs dfs -ls /tmp
-rw-r--r-- 3 hdfs hdfs 0 2016-01-05 16:39 /tmp/17558filename-2016-01-05.txt
If that doesn't work, add this to the beginning:
set +f